Articles Tagged With:
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TIA Is Associated with Accelerated Cognitive Decline
The study investigators looked at data from a prospective study of 30,239 Black and white community-dwelling persons aged 45 years or older with cognitive evaluations over the phone every other year until 2022. The researchers documented patients who had transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke, and demonstrated that persons who had TIA had a cognitive decline trajectory similar to those patients who had a definite diagnosis of stroke.
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Clinical Features of Biopsy-Proven Large-Arteriole and Microvasculitis in Peripheral Nerves
In this retrospective, an observational cohort study undertaken to characterize the clinical features of nerve vasculitis based on vessel size, large-arterial vasculitis (≥ 75 microns) in comparison to microvasculitis (< 75 microns) was demonstrated. Large arteriole vasculitis usually was a distal symmetrical polyneuropathy and associated with a systemic vasculitis illness. Microvasculitis most often presented with radiculopathy and/or plexopathy and was not associated with systemic illness.
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Modern Pharmacotherapy in Obesity: Evidence-Based Approaches for Effective Management
Obesity poses a significant public health and economic burden, contributing to numerous chronic conditions. This review provides primary care providers with a concise overview of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacotherapies for obesity management, including incretin-based treatments that rival bariatric surgery in efficacy. It emphasizes the importance of aligning pharmacologic options with individual patient profiles and comorbidities, reinforcing that lifestyle modification remains a critical component of successful, sustained weight loss.
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Infectious Disease Updates
Mpox Accelerates in Africa; Why Does Colonization Become Active C. difficile? Avian Influenza in Felines Exposed to Dairy Workers
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Restricting Remdesivir in an Immune Era: No Harm, Big Savings
A quasi-experimental, eight-hospital, pre-post restriction of remdesivir to only symptomatic, oxygen-requiring, immunocompromised adults during July 2023 to June 2024 led to a 90% reduction in remdesivir use (37.7% to 4.1%) without any increase in 14- or 28-day all-cause mortality, 30-day readmission, or hospital length of stay. Medium- and high-risk covariate models confirmed no mortality signal, while an intriguing rise in intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation use among the few post-intervention recipients was most consistent with residual confounding and confounding by indication (i.e., the sickest patients being channeled to receive therapy). In an era of widespread hybrid immunity from Omicron-descended variants, broad remdesivir formulary restriction can be implemented safely and can yield substantial cost savings without compromising outcomes.
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Updated Recommendations for Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
The authors provide an update of recommendations for the treatment of tuberculosis, including cases with drug resistance. The recommendations include the use of newer drugs that have undergone clinical trials and shorter durations of therapy.
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Baloxavir Prevents Household Transmission of Influenza
Treatment with a single dose of baloxavir led to an adjusted relative risk reduction of 29% in household transmission of influenza compared to placebo. There was no significant difference in safety signals between baloxavir and placebo.
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Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis: A Selection of Just-Published Studies
A selection of reports published in the last two months cover microbiologic diagnosis and management issues.
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Measles Outbreaks in the United States
Several measles outbreaks have been active in the United States, with more than 1,000 cases reported already in 2025. Most outbreaks begin as unvaccinated individuals in the United States come into contact with an infected individual who has recently arrived after international travel. Vaccination is effective, but current U.S. vaccine coverage rates are below the 95% rate considered necessary to provide herd immunity.
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Ethical Concerns Raised by Surprising New Data on the Effect of the Revised Common Rule
The revised Common Rule (the U.S. Basic Federal Policy for Protection of Human Research Subjects) was implemented in 2019 to enhance protections for human research subjects. Min-Fu Tsan, MD, PhD, wanted to know how well the revised Rule has achieved its stated goals.